Optimization of the 3 m TGM beamline, at CAMD, for constant initial state spectroscopy

The 3 m toroidal grating monochromator (TGM) VUV beamline at CAMD/LSU was realigned to achieve better illumination of the monochromator gratings with the goal of substantially increasing the fl ux at the higher photon energies. This is partly accomplished through a tilting of the monochromator (by about of 13.5°), with respect to the plane defi ned by the synchrotron, providing a smaller grazing angle at the initial mirrors. The improved performance of the beamline permits resonant photoemission studies at Gd 4d core threshold without resorting to second order light, which we demonstrate for Gd doped HfO2.